ENGL 302 - Technical Writing - Salina Campus

Paraphrase with narrative citation—best for academic papers:

Visser (1999) ends her article by saying we should be asking deep questions about everything we eat (p. 130).

Paraphrase with parenthetical citation—This is called a “dropped quote” and without more context about who Visser and why we should trust her, writers should always avoid:

We should be asking deep questions about everything concerning food and culture (Visser, 1999, p. 130).

Direct quote, narrative citation:

Visser (1999) says, “A change in diet, then, not only reflects, but can actually cause a change in culture” (p. 128).

Indirect quote (must use parenthetical citation; avoid at all costs in any paper):

Mintz explained that sugar as a way to get energy among workers changed the notion of work, time, and leisure (as cited in Visser, 1999, p. 126). 

References (scholarly journal articles, in general):

Last name, First initial., & Last name, First initial. (year). Title of article with sentence capitalization.

Title of journal italicized with title capitalization, volume#(issue#), 0-0. Doi/URL 

References (website from an organization or online publication):

Name of Organization. (year) or (n.d.). Title of web page in sentence capitalization. Group responsible,

usually larger organization (parent company) or media outlet. Http://url

Remember: always track down the original source. Don't cite a citation in another work.

Note: If a DOI is available use that. If not then use the URL.